Renewed Fighting Between Thailand and Cambodia Enters Fourth Day

Renewed fighting between Thailand and Cambodia has escalated into its fourth day, with both nations accusing each other of violating international law. The conflict has drawn international attention, particularly as officials await a promised phone call from United States President Donald Trump.

Cambodia’s Ministry of Defence reported that Thai military forces launched multiple attacks early on Thursday morning, utilizing tanks and artillery to strike targets in the provinces of Pursat, Banteay Meanchey, and Oddar Meanchey. One of the most serious allegations involves an attack on civilians in Prey Chan village, where Cambodian officials claim Thai soldiers violated international humanitarian law. They also accused Thai forces of shelling the Khnar Temple area and targeting the O’Smach region with artillery.

In a statement, Cambodia’s Defence Ministry urged Thailand to cease all hostile activities and withdraw its military from Cambodian territory, warning that such actions threaten regional peace and stability.

Intensified Clashes Along the Border

Significant clashes have been reported at over a dozen locations along the 817-kilometre (approximately 508-mile) border, marking some of the fiercest fighting since a five-day battle in July that resulted in numerous casualties on both sides. Cambodia’s Ministry of the Interior stated that extensive damage has been inflicted on homes, schools, roads, and cultural sites due to what it described as intensified shelling and airstrikes by Thailand.

The ministry noted that as of Wednesday, the death toll on the Cambodian side stands at 10 civilians, including one infant, with approximately 60 people injured. The reports also highlighted that ancient temples, including the Ta Krabey and Preah Vihear temples—significant cultural sites—have been severely impacted.

In response to these accusations, the Thai army contended that Cambodia had “intentionally” used a historical site as a military operational base, thus violating international law. The Thai military stated, “Cambodia intentionally used the ancient site for military operations, as a base to attack Thailand, and deliberately undermined the protection of the ancient site. Thailand retaliated as necessary.” The ongoing conflict has also resulted in the deaths of eight Thai soldiers and injuries to at least 80 more.

Humanitarian Impact and International Mediation

The conflict has forced more than 500,000 civilians—both Thai and Cambodian—to flee border regions due to the escalating violence. This surge in military action follows a ceasefire agreement signed on October 26, 2023, where President Trump presided over discussions in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Trump, alongside Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, hailed the ceasefire as a significant diplomatic achievement.

In remarks to reporters on Wednesday, Trump expressed optimism about the potential for a renewed peace agreement, asserting, “I think I can get them to stop fighting. I think I’m scheduled to speak to them tomorrow.” His upcoming call is anticipated to play a crucial role in de-escalating tensions between the two nations.

As the fighting continues, the situation remains fluid, with both sides entrenched in their positions. The international community is closely monitoring developments, emphasizing the urgent need for dialogue and resolution to avert further humanitarian crises.